Dr. Richard Friedman is an expert in Geographic Information Systems [GIS] who integrates aerial technologies with remote sensing and ground surveying at archaeological sites.

In this episode we return to the Chaco Canyon in the US southwest where Richard outlines the astronomical, geographical and cosmological aspects of this vast assembly of tracks, roads, ways, sacred structures and underlying alignments.

Richard explains that the monumental landscape not only reflects aspects of the night sky, and the cycles of the Sun and moon, but it also served as a complex map of the perceived underworld.

Developing on our study into the controversial Chaco Meridian, which was delineated by Professor Stephen Lekson in Episode 02, Richard describes a series of T-shaped stone doorways, or thresholds, at Casas Grandes which might serve as architectural evidence for the arrival of a band of elite Chacoans migrating southwards from Aztec Ruins in Chaco Canyon.

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