Antibody-drug conjugates selectively and continuously deliver cytotoxic drugs to tumors. Its three main components are antibodies, cytotoxic agents and linkers. Many monoclonal antibodies are standard therapies for solid tumors and hematological cancers, while primary chemotherapy drugs have limited therapeutic effects on cancer due to their non-specific toxicity. The discovery of ADC fills the gap between the two. Mylotarg is the first FDA approved ADC for acute myeloid leukemia. Adcetris is a conjugate of the CD30 antibody and monomethyl auristatin E and is approved for the treatment of lymphoma. Kadcyla has been commercialized for HER-2 positive metastatic breast cancer. The challenges faced by ADCs include antibody immunogenicity, antigen expression, premature drug release, etc. Progress in bioengineering has improved its safety and efficacy.
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